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Seminar INFLPR, Miercuri, 11.05.2016, ora 10:00, Sectia Laseri, Dr. Valentin Craciun: „Studiul depunerii unor straturi nanostructurate sau amorfe protectoare si biocompatibile”

Home Import Research Evenimente vechi Seminars Seminar INFLPR, Miercuri, 11.05.2016, ora 10:00, Sectia Laseri, Dr. Valentin Craciun: „Studiul depunerii unor straturi nanostructurate sau amorfe protectoare si biocompatibile”

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Sunteti invitati sa participati la seminarului stiintific de miercuri, 11.05.2016, ora 10:00 din Sectia Laseri care va cuprinde prezentarea D-lui Valentin Craciun cu titlul: „Studiul depunerii unor straturi nanostructurate sau amorfe protectoare si biocompatibile”, raport de faza la proiectul PN 16 47 01 03, „Studii multidisciplinare cu laseri, plasma si radiatii in domenii de prioritate publica (mediu si sanatate)”.

Abstract
Scopul cercetarilor din perioada raportata a fost acela de a studia proprietatile structurale, mecanice si comportamentul biologic al straturilor nanostructurate pe baza de carburi sau nitruri depuse prin tehnici laser, pentru acoperirea suprafetelor de Ti cu aplicabilitate ulterioara in industria producerii de implanturi medicale. In prezent, protezele din titan si aliaje de titan sunt larg folosite, deoarece poseda proprietati satisfacatoare de osteointegrare pentru durate de timp previzibile. Avantajele pe termen lung ale acestor implanturi se bazeaza pe raspunsurile favorabile ale diferitelor tipuri de tesuturi inconjuratoare (osul alveolar, partea conjunctiva a gingiei si epiteliul gingival). Totusi, exista si unele puncte slabe in comportamentul implanturilor pe baza de Ti. Atunci cand este prezent pentru perioade lungi de timp in fluide fiziologice corozive, se observa un proces lent de eliberare si difuzie a ionilor de Ti in corpul uman, in special atunci cand intervine uzura partilor metalice implantate. Mai mult, daca exista forte mecanice care actioneaza asupra implanturilor de Ti, grauntii cristalini pot fi dislocati din implant si incorporati in tesuturile inconjuratoare, unde vor cauza inflamatii ce pot necesita interventii chirurgicale si/sau tratament medicamentos. Pentru a diminua pana la eliminare aceste efecte, o solutie este acoperirea suprafetelor protezelor cu straturi subtiri cu scopul de a le spori rezistenta la coroziune, osteointegrarea, biocompatibilitatea si de a reduce rata de uzura.
O prima etapa a cercetarilor a constituit-o depunerea de TiN, ZrN, ZrC pe substraturi de Ti, prin depunere laser pulsata (PLD). Depunerile PLD efectuate la temperatura camerei au urmarit si obtinerea de acoperiri cu graunti cristalini de dimensiuni nanometrice, care pot fi incorporati in tesutul adiacent fara cauzarea unor inflamatii. Aceste structuri au fost investigate fizico-chimic, mecanic si electrochimic. De asemenea, asupra lor s-au realizat si teste biologice preliminare. Testele de determinare a rezistentei la coroziune au evidentiat faptul ca prezenta filmului (TiN, ZrN si ZrC) protejeaza substratul Ti impotriva fluidelor biologice din corpul uman si, in acelasi timp, poate functiona ca bariera de difuzie pentru ionii de Ti eliberati in timp. Testele de biocompatibilitate au constat in evaluarea cantitativa a proliferarii celulelor osteoblaste cu ajutorului kit-ului MTS, dupa 24 ore, ce presupune transformarea sarii de tetrazoliu de culoare galbena intr-un produs de reactie denumit formazan albastru, ca urmare a actiunii cofactorilor specifici NADPH si NADH din celulele active metabolic. Viabilitatea celulelor astfel tratate a fost cuantificata prin inregistrarea absorbantei la 490 nm, utilizand modulul UV-Vis al instrumentului Mithras LB940, Berthold Technologies.

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